FAQs

Yes, there are vehicle restraint options available in Australia that are designed specifically for children with disabilities and medical conditions, while some also meet the needs of adults with disability. This includes special purpose car seats and harnesses/vests.

However, it is important to know that many Australian standard car seats (that you can buy from mainstream stores) are also suitable for children with disabilities and medical conditions. For example, there are forward facing car seats with built-in harnesses. This type of car seat (Type G) is suitable for 50 per cent of children up to at least 10 years of age (labelled as suitable from 6 months to 8 years of age). However once a child outgrows this type of car seat they may need to transition to a special purpose car seat.

Yes. The Australian/New Zealand Standard 4370 Restraint of children with disabilities, or medical conditions, in motor vehicles.

However, this standard has not been reviewed for over a decade and does not reflect recent research and best practice.

MACA's online training courses are deisgned to keep you up-to-date with recent research and best practice approaches to supporting children's motor vehicle transport needs.

Course participants receive the leading prescribing resource - the MACA Guide.

Special purpose car seats are available through disability equipment suppliers who work closely with allied health professionals. Unlike Australian standard car seats they comply with overseas standards or regulations, and come with an extensive range of optional accessories. The selection, issuing and fitment of special purpose car seats therefore requires the allied health professional to work closely with the supplier and other local supports where available.

Our Australian Safety Assessment Program (AuSAP) develops information resources to ensure allied health professionals and parents have access to the information they need to support safe use.

MACA maintains a national product register.

We have undertaken a scan of Australia to identify all the special purpose car seats available today. In addition, we have scanned the globe to find out what special purpose car seats are available.

We want to ensure that Australian children have access to the most suitable and safest options available in the world today. And of course we want to take this one step further, which is why we have initiated and established the world leading Australian Safety Assessment Program (AuSAP).

Special purpose car seats comply with one or more overseas standards/regulations. MACA's Australian Safety Assessment Program (AuSAP) independently assesses special purpose car seats.

Refer to MACA's national product register to find out more about AuSAP assessed special purpose car seats.

Until recently, there was no Australian standard for specialty harnesses and vests.

The ‘AS 5384: Accessories for seat belts used in motor vehicles’ standard was published in September 2023.

It includes requirements for postural support devices (i.e., specialty harnesses/vests) and outlines crash testing, labelling and packaging requirements.

This provides suppliers in the Australian market with an opportunity to develop and supply products that comply with the relevant section of this new standard.

Despite specialty harnesses and vests being the most commonly prescribed device by Australian allied health professionals, there is a lack of information and research relating to their design, construction, safety performance and use.

To address these gaps MACA sought funding support and is now leading a two year Austroads project, in collaboration with The George Institute for Global Health, to research and investigate specialty harnesses/vests for both Australia and New Zealand.

The type of installation depends on the specialty harness/vest.

Some products, such as the Hemco harness and some models of the EZ-ON Vest, require the lap-sash seatbelt to converted to a lap-only belt, and attach to the vehicle child restraint anchorage point. Other products require use of the vehicle lap-sash seatbelt.

MACA is committed to helping build a system that enables access to an appropriate car seat in a timely way for hospital discharge.

To support families, improve current practice and develop an ongoing evidence base, we are working with researchers, AuSAP participants, hospitals, and allied health professionals to address gaps and advance the evidence base. This includes:

• Advancing research into the modification of Australian standard car seats through the generous support of a NeuRA PhD scholarship.
• Investigating and crash testing special purpose car seats designed for hip spica transport through our world leading Australian Safety Assessment Program.
• Working closely with allied health professionals to inform the development of model policies, resources and training to better support health professionals working with hip spica clients.

Unlike standards/regulations in other countries the Australian standard for child restraints does not cater for special purpose car seats.

Until MACA was established there was no national body advocating for the safe transport needs of children with disabilities and medical conditions. The Australian Safety Assessment Program has undertaken some assessment of overseas products, with the Expert Committee identifying the need for further research, testing and review.

After surgery, many children are unable to fit comfortably and safely in their current child restraint due to the shape and size of the hip spica cast or brace. Unfortunately, some families discover only on the day of their child’s surgery that their child restraint is not suitable.

Currently, there’s a lack of evidence base to guide best practice hip spica transport. Until the research base is developed, MACA can only provide general advice.

If the family has an Australian standard Britax car seat, it may be suitable to keep using this restraint after surgery with a Britax “hip spica adjustable crotch buckle” (crotch buckle with extended strap) that can be added to the car seat for the time the child is in the cast/brace.

Britax advises that the crotch buckle with extended strap is only suitable for use with Australian standard Britax child restraints branded:

• Britax Safe-n-Sound
• Safe-n-Sound
• Babylove
• Hipod

A crotch buckle with extended strap provides a longer adjustable crotch buckle strap, that can temporarily replace the car seat’s crotch strap, enabling a longer length to accommodate the child’s hip spica cast.

Britax supplies the crotch buckle with extended strap to approved prescribing organisations (e.g., some Australian hospitals) and safety advocates.

The use of a crotch buckle with extended strap with an Australian standard car seat means the child restraint no longer complies with this standard and is recognised as a modified car seat.

The legal requirements in each state and territory for the use of a modified car seat vary. MACA is working to bring about national consistency, but this may take some time.

In the meantime, to help parents comply with the road laws, MACA has developed specific state and territory information and prescriber templates.

Australian Capital Territory

New South Wales

Northern Territory

Queensland

South Australia

Tasmania

Victoria

Western Australia